Wrench.



R. M. RYAN. WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 31, 1908.

925,5 1 3 Patented June 22, 1909'.

ROBERT M. RYAN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 22, 1909.

Application filed August 31, 1908. Serial No. 450,940.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that 1, ROBERT M. RYAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county of New Yorkand State of New York, have invented a new and useful Wrench, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to wrenches.

The principal objects of the invention are to provide an improved andsimplified construction of wrench which shall be cap able ofsubstantially universal adjustment so as to receive square and hexagonalnuts or boltheads of all sizes and to tighten and loosen them withoutmuch danger of marring their edges; which shall also be capable ofeflicient use as a pipe wrench and as a tool for bending sheet metal andthe like, which shall be of such form that it can readily be applied inplaces where the nuts or bolts are close to a wall or other obstruction;and which will be especially applicable in places where they are locatedin depressions or sockets as is the case with carriage nuts; which shallbe of such form that for the ordinary sizes for which the wrench ismade, the nuts or bolt-heads are gripped by the wrench in such positionthat the greatest leverage can be secured, and yet the wrench can beturned in small compass; which shall be of exceedingly strong anddurable but inexpensive construction, and which shall have an attractiveand workmanlike appearance also to provide a construction in which theoperation of the thumb of the user in turning up the jaws will be easierthanis the case with ordinary monkey wrenches and. the like; and ingeneral to improve and simplify the construction of wrenches for generaluse.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will appear hereinafter.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 isan elevation of a preferred embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2- is aside view partly broken away to show interior construction and partly insection; and Fig. 8 is a view of the opposite side.

The wrench chosen for illustration is shown as comprising a bar 10 whichis rovided with means in the form of rivets 1 1 y which it is secured toa handle 12 of metal, wood, or any other desired material. The bar isprovided at its extreme end with an integral double projectionconsisting of two parts 13 and 14. These two projections constitutehalves of wrench jaws. One of them is provided with a half socket formedby two surfaces 15 at substantially 90to each other, and the other, bytwo surfaces 16 at substantially 120 to each other. On the outside thisdouble projection takes on the general form of a semi-cylinder with itsaxis at right angles to the longitudinal dimension of the bar. The baris provided with a set of lefthanded screw-threads 17 on which ismounted a nut or wheel 18 for the purpose of reciprocating a block 19which is mounted to slide on the bar. This nut or wheel is of usualconstruction, except for the left-hand screw threads which are employedfor the purpose of enabling the o erator to turn the block up withgreater faci ity than would be the case with right-hand threads, asIfind in practice that as a wrench handle is ordinarily gripped it iseasier to turn the nut in this direction.

The block 19 is provided with opposite double projections 20 and 21partaking on the outside of the general shape of a semicylinder andhaving jaw surfaces on the inner side adapted to cooperate with thesurfaces 15 and 16 respectively. The rotation of the nut will move theblock toward and from the double projection 1314 and close and open thetwo pairs of jaws. On account of the left-handed screw-thread, the jawswill be closed more easily than opened, which facilitates the use of thedevice, and it will be readily understood that the longitudinal edgesurfaces 23 of the jaws 13 and 20 may be brought into cont act with eachother, but the surfaces 24 of the jaws 14 and 21 are cut away to aslight extent and provided with a slightly curved form and with teeth sothat they constitute a pipe wrench which will grip the pipe in twoplaces at a distance from each other so as to constitute a moreefficient form of pipe wrench than that class of wrenches which dependsupon a single jaw. It will be noted that the surfaces 23 on account ofthe fact that they can be brought into contact, adapt the wrench for useon the smallest class of work even when the square and hexagonal jawsare made of a very lar e size. Consequently the wrench is capa le ofuniversal adjustment from nothing up to the limit of the jaws as definedby the length of the bar between the handle and the fixed jaws. It willbe observed also that the surfaces 23 and 24 are substantially parallelexcept for the slight curvature and teeth on the latter surface, andthat all of them can be used for the purpose of bending sheet metal, asthey proj ect outwardly in convenient position for this employment.

On account of the semi-cylindrical shape of the aws it will be seen thatthe wrench is of particular utility where the nut or bolt is locatednear a wall or projection or in a socket. The Wrench is of special valuefor carriage nuts on account of its construction; The curved shape ofthe end and of the jaws on the block permit the wrench to'be used in asocket and turned completely around at will, and the jaws are located insuch a way as to greatly facilitate its use. Also the faces 23 and 24are conveniently adapted for use as wrench jaws for nut and pipewrenches respectively and for bending purposes. When used for bending,the sheet metal or the like is held between two pairs of parallel jaws alittle distance from each other.

It will be understood of course that in as-- sembling the parts the nutis placed on the screw-thread before the handle is applied, and that theblock which has been previously placed on the screw-thread is broughtinto proper relation with the nut, and a Ushaped piece or cap plate 25is riveted in position.

The handle is then finally secured inplace. Thus a construction isrovided which is exceedingly simple to ma e and is of such form thateven when made of light stock it will be of great strength anddurability.

While I have illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of theinvention, I am aware that many modifications may be made therein by anyperson skilled in the art with out departing from the scope of theinvention as expressed in the claims. Therefore I do not wish to belimited to all the details of construction shown and described, but

What I do claim is 1. In a wrench the combination of a bar having ametallic handle secured to the end thereof, and having left handedscrewthreads extending from the end of the handle along the bar towardthe opposite end thereof, and provided at its opposite end withstationary projections extending in opposite directions from the bar andhaving a semicylindrical surface at the end of continuous uniform shapethroughout, a nut on the screw-threaded portion of the bar movable alongthe same, a block mounted to slide freely 011 the bar having an openingthrough which the nut projects on both sides, and provided with oppositeprojections corresponding with the projections on the. end of the bar,the two projections on one side of the bar having an expansible squaresocket for a square nut and the two projections on the other side havingan expansible hexagonal socket, said projections being provided withedge jaws extending from one end of both projections on one side in astraight line to the opposite edge of the bar so as to receive nuts orbolt heads and the projections on the opposite side of the bar havingedge jaws on-- both sides of the same recessed back from the first namededge jaws so as to constitute an unclosable set of jaws for receivingnuts and for bending plates, and having pipe wrench teeth whereby twopairs of jaws are provided 1 separated a distance apart for grasping apipe or plate, and a U-sha ed plate fixed to said block movable with t enut, and in position to retain the nut in position.

2. In a wrench the combination of a bar having a handle secured to theend thereof, and having screw-threads and stationary projectionsextending in opposite directions from the bar and having asemi-cylindrical surface at the end of continuous uniform shapethroughout, a nut on the screwthreaded portion of the bar and movablealong the same, a block mounted to slide freely on the bar provided withopposite projections corres onding with the projections-F on the end oftile bar, the two projections on one side of the bar having an exansible socket, said projections being provicfed with edge jawsextending from one end of both projections on one side in a straightline to g the opposite edge of the bar so as to receive nut or boltheads and the projections on the opposite side of the bar having edgejaws on both sides of the same recessed back from the first raised edgejaws so as to constitute an T3 unclosable set of jaws, and a plate fixedto said block movable with the nut, and in po- 1 0 sition to retain thenut in position.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

ROBERT M. RYAN. Witnesses:

ALBERT E. FAY, O. FORREST WESSON. *1

